Some important MCQs Related to Geological works by River with Explanations -1

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1. What is the primary characteristic of a river in its old stage?

a) Rapids and waterfalls
b) V-shaped valleys
c) Wide floodplains and deltas
d) Steep gradient

Answer: c) Wide floodplains and deltas
Explanation:
In the old stage, rivers have low gradients, slow flow, and focus on deposition, leading to the development of wide floodplains, ox-bow lakes, and deltas.


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2. The outer bend of a river meander is characterized by:

a) Deposition and slower flow
b) Erosion and faster flow
c) Sediment accumulation
d) Absence of flow

Answer: b) Erosion and faster flow
Explanation:
The outer bend of a meander experiences higher velocity and erosion, creating a steep bank (cut bank). The inner bend has slower flow and deposition.




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3. Which of the following is an example of an erosional landform created by rivers?

a) Delta
b) Floodplain
c) V-shaped valley
d) Alluvial fan

Answer: c) V-shaped valley
Explanation:
V-shaped valleys are erosional landforms formed by vertical erosion, especially in the youthful stage of a river.


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4. Which term describes the sediment load that bounces along the riverbed?

a) Traction
b) Saltation
c) Suspension
d) Solution

Answer: b) Saltation
Explanation:
Saltation refers to medium-sized particles being lifted and dropped intermittently, causing them to "bounce" along the riverbed.


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5. A river flowing over alternating layers of resistant and less resistant rocks may create:

a) Levees
b) Meanders
c) Waterfalls and rapids
d) Oxbow lakes

Answer: c) Waterfalls and rapids
Explanation:
Differential erosion of alternating hard and soft rock layers results in features like waterfalls and rapids due to uneven erosion rates.

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6. What happens when a river loses energy?

a) It erodes its banks more rapidly.
b) It deposits its load.
c) It becomes narrower.
d) It flows faster.

Answer: b) It deposits its load.
Explanation:
When a river loses energy, it can no longer carry its load and begins depositing sediment, forming features like deltas, levees, and floodplains.



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7. The type of valley typically formed by glacial erosion is:

a) U-shaped valley
b) V-shaped valley
c) Rift valley
d) Intermontane valley

Answer: a) U-shaped valley
Explanation:
While rivers create V-shaped valleys, glaciers erode broader, U-shaped valleys due to their immense size and grinding action.
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8. The term "graded profile" of a river refers to:

a) A river's smooth, concave long profile
b) The steepness of the river's banks
c) The variation in sediment size along the river
d) The balance between erosion and deposition

Answer: a) A river's smooth, concave long profile
Explanation:
A graded profile is a smooth, concave shape representing a river in equilibrium, where erosion and deposition are balanced.
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9. What is the primary cause of river terraces?

a) Seasonal flooding
b) River rejuvenation
c) Lateral erosion
d) Deposition during floods

Answer: b) River rejuvenation
Explanation:
Terraces form when a river erodes downward after its base level drops, leaving former floodplains at higher levels.


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10. Which type of river drainage pattern resembles the branches of a tree?

a) Radial
b) Dendritic
c) Trellis
d) Rectangular

Answer: b) Dendritic
Explanation:
A dendritic pattern develops in areas with uniform rock types and resembles a tree-like branching system, common in flat or gently sloping regions.



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