Artificial Recharge of Ground water

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Minerals : Classification and Physical properties

Mineral is a naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic compound having fixed chemical composition and atomic structure formed due to inorganic processes of the Earth. Classification of Rock forming Minerals These are mainly of two types I Silicates Silicates again subdivided into 1. Ferromagnesian minerals i) Olivine group of minerals ii) Pyroxene group of minerals iii) Amphibole group of minerals iv) Biotite 2. Non Ferromagnesian minerals i) Feldspar group of minerals ii) Quartz group of minerals iii) Muscovite II Non Silicates Oxides Sulphides Sulphates Carbonates Physical Properties of Minerals Minerals are identified on the basis of following physical properties 1. Colour 2. Streak 3. Lustre 4. Fracture 5. Cleavage 6. Hardness 7. Specific Gravity 8. Form and structure 1. Colour The colour of a mineral depends on the absorption of some and reflectance of other of the coloured rays which constitute the white light. 2. Streak Streak of a miner...

Sources of Energy - Primary and Secondary

Primary Energy The source of energy which does not require any transformation before the use is called primary energy. They are directly used as they available in nature. E.g. sun, river water, mountain lakes, wind, coal, crude oil, natural gas, wood, uranium, geothermal heat etc. Secondary Energy The source which requires transformation before the use is called secondary energy. E.g. Petrol, diesel, kerosene, charcoal, electricity etc. The petrol, diesel and kerosene are derived from the petroleum (crude oil), charcoal derived from the wood, electricity derived from the water, wind, coal and also from the sun.

Renewable and Non Renewable Energy

There are mainly two types of energy 1. Renewable Energy 2. Non Renewable Energy 1. Renewable Energy It includes solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, biomass etc. These are also called clean energy. The renewable energy resources are displacing fossil fuels in the power sector also offering the benefits of low carbon emissions and other types of pollution. The renewable energy comes from natural sources that can be replenished. For example sun and wind keep shining and blowing, even if their availability depends on time and weather. Renewable energy is even thought of the new technology, harnessing nature's power has long been used for heating, transportation, lighting and more. Wind energy is made when wind moves the blade on a wind tarbine. This movement creates wind energy which which is converted into electricity. The sun is providing light and warmth which can be converted into solar energy. Types of Renewable energy A) Solar energy Sun is a powerful source ...

Geology

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